Principle 03

Make uncertainty visible.

Show what is known, what is inferred, how confident the conclusion is, and what information is missing.

Explanation

False confidence destroys trust. Useful decision support makes the quality of evidence understandable without making the decision for the reader.

Example

A recommendation can identify the strongest current option while stating which missing evidence could change it.

Practical implication

Separate facts, assumptions, forecasts, and open questions in every decision brief.